Square Foot Gardening (SFG) developed by Mel Bartholomew, is a popular and efficient gardening method that focuses on maximizing yield in a small space. It focuses on utilizing the small spaces. This gardening technique is commonly adapted in Urban area where there is small space. Square foot gardening is based on dividing a garden bed into small section where you can do your farming or gardening.
Square Foot Gardening Guide
Basic Principles of Square Foot Gardening developed by Mel Bartholomew
Small, raised beds — usually 4 feet by 4 feet (1.2 m x 1.2 m), so you can reach every part without stepping on the soil.
Divided into 1-foot squares — use a grid made from wood, string, or tape to create 16 squares in a 4×4 bed.
Rich soil mix — instead of using native soil, fill beds with a balanced mix known as Mel’s Mix:
⅓ peat moss or coco coir (for moisture retention)
⅓ compost (for nutrients)
⅓ vermiculite (for aeration and drainage)
Plant by space needs — each square hosts a certain number of plants, depending on their mature size.
Plant Spacing Guide (per 1 square foot)
Type of Plant Number per Square Notes:
- Basil, Marigold 4 Great companions
- Beans, Peas 9 Use a trellis for climbing types
- Broccoli, Cabbage, Peppers 1 Large plants
- Carrots, Radishes, Beets 16 Small root crops
- Garlic 9 Plant in fall for summer harvest
- Lettuce, Spinach 4 Harvest outer leaves regularly
- Tomatoes 1 Use a cage or trellis
- Onions 9 Plant in a grid pattern
